Thomas Hobbes And The Commonwealth - 1044 Words

This following quote by Thomas Hobbes contains a rather straightforward message pertaining to the commonwealth. Based on this quote, it can be derived that submission pertains to giving up or rather transferring our rights to the sovereign. Hobbes states earlier about the generation of a commonwealth, which he states, â€Å"I authorize and give up my right of governing myself, to this man, or to this assembly of men, on this condition that thou give up thy right to him, and authorize all his actions in like manner† (Hobbes, Part 3, 25 of 42). Based on this quote, Hobbes defines how commonwealth is generated, which he states that one must basically surrender part of his liberty to the sovereign in order to attain the mutual benefit. The commonwealth refers to the common peace and safety of citizens as Hobbes defines commonwealth as â€Å"One person, of whose acts a great multitude, by mutual covenants with one another, having made themselves every one the author, to the end he may use the strength and means of them all for their peace and common defense† (Hobbes, Part 3, 26 of 42). Hobbes states that in transferring our rights to the sovereign in order to maintain self-preservation, the act of this submission involves our obligation and liberty. In order to meet the goal of security and defense, one must oblige to the civil laws and obey the rules of sovereignty so that one may receive protection under the rule of sovereign. To receive full protection and security, Hobbes alsoShow MoreRelatedThomas Hobbes And The Philosophy Of Political Science1729 Words   |  7 Pagesgovernment. While studying, Thomas Hobbes wondered about why people were allowing themselves to be ruled and what would a great form of government for England. He reasoned that people were naturally wicked and shouldn’t be trusted to govern themselves because they were selfish creatures and would do anything to better their position and social status. These people, when left alone will go back to their evil impulses to get a better advantage over others. So Thomas Hobbes concluded that the best formRead MoreHobbes And Malcolm X s Views On Political Legitimacy Essay1721 Words   |  7 PagesMuslim black nationalist from the 1960’s – hypothetically of course. One might think that they would have absolutely nothing in common; however, Thomas Hobbes and Malcolm X have more in common than it appears. While the two theorists are very different, they share several common ideas about political legitimacy. In this paper, I will argue that although both Hobbes and Malcolm X would agree that a government must provide protection for its citizens to be considered legitimate, Malcolm X extends that criteriaRead MoreThomas Hobbes Philosophical Political Piece1317 Words   |  6 PagesThomas Hobbe s philosophical political piece The Leviathan argues that society functions most effectively if all state and commonwealth is delegated by an all powerful s overeign, and that without it we are in a state of chaos, otherwise titled by Hobbes as the state of nature (Thomas Hobbes, 2002, p. 181). I will argue that it is not possible to acknowledge what life is like in the state of nature without fully acknowledging that life in the state of nature leads to an all-powerful sovereignRead MoreThomas Hobbes s Leviathan 1190 Words   |  5 PagesThe source which will be analysed is the frontispiece of Thomas Hobbes most famous work ‘Leviathan’ and ‘Leviathan’ as a whole. The frontispiece is considered as prominent as the arguments put forth by Thomas Hobbes in the ‘Leviathan’ itself. The frontispiece depicts a crowned figure grasping a crosier and a sword. This figure, or ‘Leviathan’, represents the all-powerful, comprehensive state. When looked at closely, the torso and arms of the figure are made up of hundreds of individual people, whoRead More Thomas Hobbes View on Government Essay5 67 Words   |  3 PagesThomas Hobbes View on Government      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Thomas Hobbes in his controversial work, the Leviathan, declares that such   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   a government based on the rule of the common people, would result in   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   anarchy and total pandemonium.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   But before one can understand Hobbes view on government, it is important   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   to understand how Hobbes feels about people. Hobbes has a very   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   materialistic view on the world because of his belief that the movements Read MoreThomas Hobbes and John Locke Essay1020 Words   |  5 PagesHobbes and Locke John Locke and Thomas Hobbes were famous political Theorists among other things in their time. Hobbes who was born 40 years before Locke had a very different perspective to Locke and both will be examined more through this essay. Even though many of there theories were different in the sixteenth century Hobbes and Locke s theories became closer as the rise of the state and decline of the feudal system brought about the question of authority. Read MoreThomas Hobbes Leviathan801 Words   |  4 PagesThe true essence of Thomas Hobbes’ Leviathan is a well-constructed story that examines human nature. Hobbes’ introduces Leviathan during a chaotic period filled with death and a voyage of human expansion, which leads to the creation of a logical and sustainable society. This society is the commonwealth and led by a sovereign. Upon first analysis, Hobbes’ explanation of the alteration to the commonwealth is questionable. Some weaknesses in Hobbes’ Leviathan can be easily found: the inconsistency ofRead More Force, Morality and Rights in Thomas Hobbes and John Lockes Social Contract Theories1632 Words   |  7 PagesForce, Morality and Rights in Thomas Hobbes and John Lockes Social Contract Theories Throughout history, the effects of the unequal distribution of power and justice within societies have become apparent through the failure of governments, resulting in the creation of theories regarding ways to balance the amount of power given and the way in which justice is enforced. Due to this need for change, Thomas Hobbes and John Locke created two separate theories in which the concept of a social contractRead MoreHobbes And The Natural State Of Nature Essay1514 Words   |  7 Pages A hallmark of Thomas Hobbes political philosophy lies in his delineations of two distinct conditions which men can reside in; the state of nature, and the commonwealth led by a sovereign, otherwise referred to as the Leviathan. In order to illustrate how the former state gives way to the latter, Hobbes constructs a perception of nature in which the lives of men are riddled with ambiguity, fear, and distrust. He proposes, then, that the optimal civil society is not constructed by embracing the na turalRead MoreThe Seatbelt Law, By Thomas Hobbes, And Jean Jacques Rousseau1262 Words   |  6 Pagesof philosophers Thomas Hobbes, and Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and whether or not this law is ethical. THOMAS HOBBES Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) was an English philosopher who is best known for his work in political ethics. Hobbes had a pessimistic view of the human race, however his theory has been used as a major influence on western political views. In 1651, Thomas Hobbes wrote Leviathan, in which he states that life before government was violent, brutal, and barbaric. Hobbes continues on to

Social Networking Dos and Donts Essay examples - 692 Words

Social Networking sites and application are an increasingly entwined part of our everyday lives. We use them to communicate with friends and family all over the globe, to chat with friends down the hall to decide where to eat, to network for jobs, and to connect with others with similar interests. However, much like any other part of the internet, social networks can be frought with serious security risks, both for your person, and your data. Many social networks will tell you that the more you put into them (your information), the more you get out of them (connections, recommendations, etc.). However, despite the aura of privacy they try to engender, one must keep in mind that social network takes place in essentially public†¦show more content†¦DO Use a strong password. Use privacy settings. Insist your friends use theirs too. NEVER leave anything but the bare minimum as publically available. Make sure only your accepted friends or followers can see what you put up. Even then leaks, hacks, and privacy policy revisions are not unheard of. Dont assume what you do post IS secure, despite the settings. Use HTTPS to connect to your social networking sites whenever possible, especially when connecting from a public hotspot. Be wary if your social networking service only uses HTTP for login credentials only. Whenever possible, organize contacts into categories. Most of us do this between friends and family anyway, but from a security standpoint it might also make sense to separate best friends from person I met yesterday afternoon DO Verify friend/follower requests. Dont accept just anyone. Most scams start by someone bluffing their way onto your friends list. KNOW who youre sharing your information with. Verify links, attachments, downloads, emails, anything sent to you. Even your trusted friends couldve had their accounts hacked. Dont wire that emergency money until you can voice-verify. Investigate exactly what information any third-party add-ons, games, extensions, etc. will be privy to. Does that poker game REALLY need access to your contacts list? Read up on the security tips and instructions provided by the SocialShow MoreRelatedCase Study Essay1478 Words   |  6 Pagesvalue of service and returning customers, and with these ideals he created a new branch of IBM which would focus on specific problems for each of their customers. The new IBM would help customers with everyday tasks such as shipping, purchasing, networking, and marketing. Gerstner realized that IBM’s true potential was deeply imbedded in its strengths, which were research and integrated computers. Within about 1 year of Gerstner taking charge, IBM developed software which would allow computer systemsRead MorePrivacy? Why Do You Need Privacy? Essay1122 Words   |  5 PagesUp to date, social networking sites, such as Facebook, have more than 750 million active users, and these users contribute about of 30 billion pieces of shared information (blogs, web links, pictures, etc.) each month. This by no means indicates that social networking sites, simil ar to Facebook, are a private place. Every â€Å"log in to Facebook† you click to connect to other websites, every status update on your wall, with every Twitter post, or Foursquare check-in you allow others to view your lifeRead MoreEssay On Someone Is Always Watching1455 Words   |  6 Pagesinto one of the many social media sites offered via the world wide web. Some users say that if you aren’t doing anything wrong, what does it matter if our every move is being tracked and recorded. It matters because our privacy is being violated, having privacy is one of our basic human rights. When we sign up on social media we knowingly give up that right as Kent Anderson, author of â€Å"People are Willing to Trade Less Privacy for Access to Social Media†, writes, â€Å" Social networks are based onRead MoreResearch Objectives And Questions On Language And Gender Essay1388 Words   |  6 Pagespolite to each other. Being polite does not merely involve the understanding of language, but factors like social and cultural values of the community are needed to take into account as well. As far as the topic is concerned, many agree that language and gender has always been an interesting issue discussed by many scholars (Hirschman, 2004). For effective communication to take place in every social context, there must be the use of language. Interaction requires the use of communication for it to beRead MoreBusiness Opening811 Words   |  4 Pagesthat bring businesses to their demise. Owners who are stubborn, greedy, and self-righteous often don’t do what’s best for the company but choose what they think is the best. Also, owners who cannot operate their business financially are another reason for failure. Making mistakes such as paying too much in expenses including labor, rent and materials also factor into business failure. Businesses that don’t succeed often have poor accounting meaning thereâ€℠¢s no organization of where the money comes andRead MoreDigital Citizenship Must Be Defined As The Norms Of Appropriate1168 Words   |  5 Pagesteach us the do’s and don’t when it comes to the Internet however, unfortunately it seems like this may be an on going issue for years to come. Digital communication is electronic transmission of information that has been encoded digitally, as for storage and processing by computers. Digital communication plays a big role is everyone’s lives. It has become part of our day to day activates and lives styles. This includes faxing, telecommunications, teleconferencing, video conferencing, social networkingRead MoreSocial Media1857 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction: I choose this topic is because more and more job seekers will go on social media to search for job. Even employers are putting recruitments advertisement on social media. Even like some of the jobs looking for admin staff, telemarketing staff and even sales staff the employer will just post on facebook and ask job seekers to contact them or send resume through their email address. Social media is a rising and evolving force within recruitment and resourcing. Firms are using the toolsRead MoreImpact Of Social Media On Society1785 Words   |  8 PagesImpact of Social Media Social media has naturally become a huge role in modern day society. It is a simple way to outreach, communicate, share, or express personal opinions. The way to express these different features is functional through big name sites such as, Facebook, Twitter, or Instagram. It is believed that nearly 2.5 billion people in the world will be using some form of social media in the year 2018, and 78% of the United States population has a social networking profile (StatisticsRead MoreDanone Case8689 Words   |  35 Pages9-608-107 REV : APRIL 1 6 , 2 0 0 8 ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ANE DAMGAARD JEN SEN Global Knowledge Management at Danone At Danone we don’t talk about strategy, we react to the context around us. For me, it’s like a Lego box that you buy for your children. They start to play, trying to find a way to build the image on the Lego box. At the end of the day, they give up, throw out the box, and put the piecesRead MoreSocial Orders And Its Effects On Society Essay2086 Words   |  9 Pagesimbalance is divisive, socially destructive and comprised of multiple dimension. However, societies acceptance of inequality has developed a false sense of reality regarding equality, what is amazing, now that we have the information to think about social orders, is the way clear the impacts of imbalance are. 21st Century variations of systemic inequality echo’s inequalities of the past. Fifty years after the march on Selma thousands of people from various races and ages are still actively participating

Individual Right vs Public Order Free Essays

Running head: INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS VS. PUBLIC ORDER Individual Rights vs. Public Order Ashley Perez Mountain State Univeristy Summer 1 2011 When our four fathers came together and created the Bill of Rights, they did not think it would last as long as it did. We will write a custom essay sample on Individual Right vs Public Order or any similar topic only for you Order Now They created something that determines everything in the world, when it comes to crimes and issues. They set up rights for the people to protect the people. The first ten amendments of the Bill of Rights are particularly important to criminal defendants facing formal processing by the criminal justice system (Schmalleger, F. 2008). We were giving rights, for us individuals. Individual rights are the rights guaranteed to all members of the American society by the U. S Constitution ((Schmalleger, F. , 2008). As the world advanced, so did the criminal justice system. This caused more of an emphasis on individual rights that was accompanied by the dramatic increase in reported criminal activity worldwide. Just in the sevenths and eighties, F. B. I. ‘s traditional crimes, murder, rape, and assault increased. With individual rights, came due process. Due process is procedural fairness. Fairness is the idea of doing what is best. It may not be perfect, but it is the good and decent thing to do. It requires being levelheaded, uniform and regular, when all around you is prejudice, corruption, or the desire of an angry mob to see justice done. Fairness requires breadth and depth ( Stevenes, M , 2003). Not only does the outcome have to be fair, but also so does everything along the line such as evidence gathering and presentation. Stevenes, M. , 2003). The due process standard was served in the sixties, by the warren courts. From the beginning, the individual-rights revolution had two critics. First, critics disputed the premise that the government cannot be expected to honor behavioral norms without being subject to an adversarial process (Super, D. , 2005). Second, critics asserted that enforcing norms through individual rights has heavy costs in the form of lost managerial efficiency of gov ernment programs (Super, D. 2005). In the Mathews v. EldridgeJ case, these critiques provided the basis of two of the three prongs of the central due process (Super, D. , 2005). Court’s decisions declining to imply private rights of action to enforce statutes and regulations (Super, D. , 2005). Because of this , a movement for over ten years had enforced the rights of several politically weak groups such as immigrants, prisoners, people of troubled families and people suspected to be connected to terrorism. Of the movement , responses have attacked the individual-rights revolution, braking it into two main forms. First, champions of individual rights have emphasized the importance of those rights, sometimes finding substantive value in the procedures of individual adjudication (Super, D. , 2005). Second, they have sought to rebut assertions that government agencies can be counted upon to conform to legal norms without giving individuals the ability to enforce those norms (Super, D. , 2005). Mathews v. Eldridge factors: the individual interest and the risk of erroneous deprivation. however, champions of individual rights have implicitly conceded their opponents’ contention that interposing individual rights has a cost in terms of the efficiency of the underlying government activity(Super, D. , 2005). After September eleventh, the world went on a permanent shut down. No one knew who did it and why. Shortly after the towers where down, we all knew something was to come of this, but we did not how much it would change our society today. We knew that the tower where knocked down by terrorist from the Middle East, but we did not know what they looked like. The world, as a whole, went crazy, and any one and everyone who was of Middle Eastern descent or even looked like they where from the middle east where thrown in jail. People began to judge people by what they looked like, and did not give any one a chance. Air ports where placed under high security, and for the first ever people where thrown out of line just because their shoes did not match. Everything was being over looked, and studied. We had U. S Marshals on just about every flight; we did not want something like nine eleven happen again. Just 45 days after the September 11 attacks, Congress passed the USA PATRIOT Act. There are significant flaws in the Patriot Act, flaws that threaten your fundamental freedoms by giving the government the power to access to your medical records, tax records, information about the books you buy or borrow without probable cause, and the power to break into your home and conduct secret searches without telling you for weeks, months, or indefinitely (ACLU,2007). The USA PATRIOT Act was intended to break down those barriers and respond to new communication technologies in a number of ways (Pike, G, 2006) . The act broadened the definition of terrorism, permitted extensive sharing of intelligence information, made it easier to get warrants to conduct intelligence investigations, increased the secrecy relating to search warrants, and expanded the scope of information that could be obtained (Pike, G, 2006) . Partially due to its haste in passing the act, Congress decreed that many-but not all-of the PATRIOT Act’s provisions would expire on Dec. 1, 2005(Pike, G, 2006) . A cursory review of the legal literature shows that the USA PATRIOT ACT was â€Å"rushed† passed Congress by the Bush administration without following the usual legislative procedure (Wong, K, 2006). Throughout the entire legislative process, neither the Congress nor the Administration has systematically investigated and critically debated the merit–necessity and efficacy, costs and benefits, and the impact and implications of the ACT on the Constitution, on the society, on the people (Wong, K, 2006). In reality the idea of introducing an act, at the time they did, was good, but the more we thought about it, we realized it goes against everything our four fathers worked hard to put together. We used to live in a world where we where the top dogs and everyone wanted to be like us. Now with all that has happened in the past few years, there is always that big brother over our shoulders, and he is not leaving any time soon. We live in a world where there are sick minded people, who kill people, and kid nap little kids. Where you are never alone and some one is always listening, even when you re the only one in the room. What ever happened to the fourth amendment right: The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things t o be seized. We are still entitled to this right , but how are if the at any moment in time the government can say hey lets see who so and so are talking to right now? It appears as if all the rights and laws created just go back and forth with each other. I thought we were an organized society. How can we say that we will follow the fourth amendment, when we have a completely new act that reverses everything that we are entitled to? We are living in a messed up time, nothing ever seems to make sense, and we are supposed to just know things. We are learning new things everyday, but they just keep changing. How are supposed to know our rights, if the people who makes are not even sure about them. We lock up the wrong people, and let the evil doers go. What happened, and how did it all go so wrong. Only if they could us now, this is probably why all other countries hate us with a passion. Lately everything is based on what you look like, and your political views. It has nothing to do with who you are. After the nine eleven attacks, the world began to look differently at all people, we saw sides of people we never saw before. We saw more American flags posted outside peoples homes, hung up in store window, then on the fourth of July. Everyone came together, and stood proud for the time in a long time. The world mental was ready for a fight, but not what we ended up with. Hundreds of lives lost, and many where innocent. When we went to fight, we hit hard, harder then anyone could think. It made us look like we where the bad back , yes we lost hundreds of people in the bombing of the world trade center , but are not supposed to show we are better then them? We lost the trust of the people who we were supposed to be trusting, and faith in the people we loved. We lost all we fought for, for years before this, and to throw it all away. The American world is so messed, that many of us do not even want to tell people they are American when they leave the country for a vacation. The American name has been bashed, and beaten all because of one event. One event changed our lives forever. It will never be the same, and if you where there, you can never forget the pandemonium that day. The radio stations, gone, no music, just recaps of what happened. No television, just images of how it happened. The news showed pictures of the men who did it and the other who are part of it. The mobs outside, swear they saw one of the people driving a cab, they where all going to look for him. The kids, so confused , yet understanding that this going in the history books for ever, and now reading about in that new edition book, saying I lived it. References ACLU. (2007, January 1). USA PATRIOT ACT. American Civil Liberties Union. Retrieved June 1, 2011, from Http://www. aclu. org/safefree/resources/17343res20031114. html Pike, G. (2006). : USA PATRIOT Act: What’s Next?. Information Today, 23(4), 1-2. Schmalleger, F. (2008). Criminal justice: a brief introduction (7th ed. ). Upper Saddle River, N. J. : Pearson/Prentice Hall. Stevenes, M. (2003, June 25). DUE PROCESS OF LAW: PROCEDURAL AND SUBSTANTIVE ISSUES. NCWC. Retrieved June 1, 2011, from faculty. ncwc. edu/mstevens/410/410lect06. htm Super, D. A. (2005). Are Rights Efficient? Challenging the Managerial Critique of Individual Rights‚A ®. Law Review, 93(4), 1051. Retrieved June 1, 2011, from http://proquest. umi. com/pqdweb? did=1222808651sid=8Fmt=2clientId=296 77RQT=309VName=PQD Wong, K. C. (2006). The making of the USA Patriot Act I: The legislative process and dynamics. International Journal of the Sociology of Law, 34(3), 179. Retrieved May 30, 2011, from http://proquest. umi. com/pqdweb? did=1199189181sid=6Fmt=2clientId=296 77RQT=309VName=PQD How to cite Individual Right vs Public Order, Papers

Garry Marshall - Auteur Theory free essay sample

An auteur is a filmmaker whose movies are characterized by their creative influence. Garry Marshall is an American filmmaker, he has directed more than 15 films in his career. Garry Marshall’s films The Princess Diaries, Valentines Day and Overboard share a common theme of love and a genre of romance and comedy, he likes to use the same actors in his films and have the common plot of a double twist. Garry Marshall likes to keep to the same character persona and film techniques but these generalized similarities are not obvious to the audience, therefore Garry Marshall is not a recognizable Auteur. Romance and comedy are commonly used in combination as a genre in films. Garry Marshall prefers the romantic-comedy genre to entertain audiences as well as educate them on reality. His main message behind these films is that life is not a fairytale and it doesn’t always turn out the way it is planned or expected to. We will write a custom essay sample on Garry Marshall Auteur Theory or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page For example in Valentines Day Reed proposes to his girlfriend on the morning of Valentines Day, he is overjoyed when she says yes until he comes home later on in the movie to find that she is leaving him. Another example is in The Princess Diaries when Mia’s life is turned upside down after she finds out that she is a princess, she soon learns that being a princess isn’t as easy as she thought it would be. While all of these films share a similarity in their message and the genre, Garry Marshall’s work is not instantly recognizable due to the fact that there are so many other films, directed by different filmmakers that are similar in their message and the genre. Love is a theme that is a favorite of Garry Marshall, this is evident throughout many of his films. He likes to use this theme in combination with the genre romance-comedy to entertain the audience and convey his message in a lighthearted, humorous manor. His main point is that love, like life is unexpected and it doesn’t always turn out as it is imagined. An example of this message is in the film Valentines Day when Reed and his best friend fall in love after their unpleasant breakups. Also in Overboard when Johanna, an exceedingly rich woman falls in love with Dean, a needy  carpenter. Likewise in The Princess Diaries Mia eventually realizes that even though Josh is the most popular boy in school, he isn’t really as extraordinary as he seemed. Although these films are all delivering a similar message, it is too small a similarity to make Garry Marshall an Auteur. Garry Marshall doesn’t like to have anything too complicated about a characters personality in his films. He likes to have a range of different personas in his movies. For example in The Princess Diaries the limousine driver Joseph has a very serious manner, he is always seen wearing black sunglasses and this gives him a mysterious and unknown outlook. Throughout the movie Joseph is always there for Mia. Like Joseph, in Overboard Johanna’s butler Andrew is a character that you don’t see much of, he is always very refined and proper. He is mostly seen waiting on Johanna. Both characters are not seen in the film much but very important to the film. In Overboard Johanna is presented as a very conceited woman, she is never happy with what she gets and is always seen ordering someone around, this makes her a very unlikable character. Like Johanna, the character in The Princess Diaries Lily has a bad attitude and likes things to be her way, she is very loud and has a dominating nature, this makes her unlikable by the audience. In both films the characters become more bearable when they become less self centered and focus on the well being of those around them. In Valentines Day Julia is portrayed as an innocent character, in this film she is very kind and loving, making her a likable character. Like Julia, in The Princess Diaries Mia is a very quiet, shy person, she is also portrayed as the innocent character that is liked by the audience. These two characters both have a point in the film where they get anxious and start to doubt themselves but in the end they overcome that doubt and make a decision that will change their lives. It is very important when choosing the actors for a film that the right ones are chosen and they fit the part. Garry Marshall prefers to use certain actors in his films. For example, New Years Eve, Valentines Day and The Princess Diaries all have similar actors, one that is common to all of them is Hector Elizondo, in all of these films he plays a character that doesn’t have much revealed about himself. Other actors that are common to these films are, Ashton Kutcher (Valentines Day and New Years  Eve), Jessica Biel (Valentines Day and New years Eve) and Anne Hathaway (Valentines Day and The Princess Diaries). Although these films all have common actors and similar characters but it is not evident to the audience, for that reason, Garry Marshall is not an Auteur. It is noticeable in these films that Garry Marshall has kept a similar plot. He likes to have a double twist and several complications throughout the film to keep the audiences interest. For example in The princess Diaries Mia has to overcome many problems along the way of becoming a princess, like her fear of public speaking, juggling school with princess lessons, keeping her identity a secret and then dealing with the madness when her school finds out about her heritage and finally making the decision whether to accept the responsibility of becoming a princess or to live a normal life. In Overboard Johanna has to make the giant leap from being a conceited rich woman to living in a second-rate home and becoming a mother. She has to overcome the expectations of her rich husband and her mother and come to terms with her new feelings for Dean. These similarities are very generalized and they are not evident to the audience, therefor it does not make Garry Marshall an auteur. It is evident when analyzing Garry Marshall films that he likes to use the same techniques during a scene including music, camera shots and scene transitions. Garry Marshall commonly uses Romantic, affectionate music that reflects the theme and genre and also indicates the mood to the audience, giving them a sense of what type of movie it will be. For example, in Valentines Day the song in the opening scene is titled ‘Hey I love you† by Michael Frantti, this creates a romantic, happy mood for the audience and reveals to them that it will be a film about love. In The Princess Diaries they have a very soft, flowy song that plays throughout the film, it gives the audience a calming feel and sense that everything is going to be okay. Even though both of these films have a similarity in music, it is still a small similarity and isn’t enough to make Garry Marshall a recognized Auteur. There are many small similarities between these Garry Marshall films but for an audience these similarities are too small and unrecognizable. An auteur  is a filmmaker whose movies are characterized by their own creative influence. Garry Marshall’s films are too mainstream in their creativeness for the genre, theme, plot and film techniques to make him an accepted auteur in society.

Stephen King Unwitting Screenwriter Essays - Fiction, Filmmaking

Stephen King: Unwitting Screenwriter Place Title Here Movies are becoming more and more popular with new special effects and stories that are intriguing and gripping. Movies now have lasting effects on viewers, since the stories are becoming more involved and more in depth. Screenwriters are constantly trying to create better screenplays to have made into motion pictures, yet there are thousands, if not millions, of screenwriters out there trying to earn a wage. The Writers Guild of America reports that in one year an average of 40,000 screenplays will be submitted and out of those only 120 will be made into motion pictures. (Field 5) Stephen King, who has no affiliation to being a screenwriter, has written numerous novels that almost everyone knows without them having ever read one word. Stephen King has a way of writing that appeals to both readers and film lovers. King who is an author of books has beaten out millions of screenwriters in the movie business. What is funny is that King himself does not expect a movie adaptation when he writes his stories. Stephen Kings writing style is the main reason why Kings novels are almost always found on the big screen. King purposely uses images in his novels that tell stories themselves. These images help enhance the story as the reader reads Kings work. These images are ones made by the reader and are limited to just the images we see on screen. Of course some of the better King movies do have wonderful imagery that can be associated with the same image the reader would have made in his mind. One popular movie that was based on Kings work is Stand by Me, which has terrific examples of this imagery. Stand by Me is based on Kings novella The Body which can be found in Different Seasons. The Body is a coming of age story about a boy named Gordie Lachance. Gordie is faced with the death of his brother, but is confused about his feelings. He knows he should be mourning for him, but he does not seem to have any remorseful feelings towards his brother. The story is about Gordie and 3 of his close friends on a journey through the woods to find a dead body. Throughout their journey they face all types of obstacles and go through a series of ups and downs. In the end they find the body and face a climatic altercation with the neighborhood gang. The four boys end up scaring the gang away and go home without ever telling anyone about their journey. The theme to the story is about losing ones innocence, the transformation from being a child into being an adult. The film portrayed the theme very well and viewers did not lose much if they have never read the actually novella. When a book transfers over to a film much of the content is usually lost. It is a very tough feat to keep everything that was in the book in tact and still portray the same effect. When a reader reads a novel, they take their time and they get involved with the characters and learn about them. When a viewer watches a movie, the director needs to pump out as much information as he can in two hours and still stay within the parameters of the book. What happens most of the time due to budget or time constraint is not everything from the book is transferred over to the film, which causes gaps in the story. Also, directors need to find actors that can portray the feelings of the character and at the same time complete the look of the character. Sometimes one thing is sacrificed for another and the character is not as magnificent on screen as they were in the book. The fact that the book loses a lot of content prevents many directors from trying to adapt books into film, but there are dire ctors that try. When writing a story and writing a screenplay the two are very much alike but at the same time very different. A screenplay is basically a movie on paper. Everything that happens on the screen would be put into words, from camera

First Oil Well Inventor Edwin Drake

First Oil Well Inventor Edwin Drake The history of the oil business as we know it began in 1859 in Pennsylvania, thanks to Edwin L. Drake, a career railroad conductor who devised a way to drill a practical oil well. Before Drake sank his first well in Titusville, Pennsylvania, people around the world had gathered oil for centuries around seeps, places where oil naturally rose to the surface and emerged from the ground. The problem with collecting oil in that manner was that even the most productive areas didnt yield large amounts of oil. In the 1850s, new types of machinery being produced increasingly needed oil for lubrication. And the main sources for oil at the time, whaling and collecting oil from seeps, simply couldnt meet the demand. Someone had to find a way to reach into the ground and extract the oil. The success of Drakes well essentially created a new industry, and led to men such as John D. Rockefeller making vast fortunes in the oil business. Drake and the Oil Business Edwin Drake had been born in 1819 in New York State, and as a young man had worked at various jobs before finding employment in 1850 as a railroad conductor. After about seven years of working on the railroad he retired due to ill health. A chance encounter with two men who happened to be the founders of a new company, The Seneca Oil Company, led to a new career for Drake. The executives, George H. Bissell and Jonathan G. Eveleth, needed someone to travel back and forth inspecting their operations in rural Pennsylvania, where they collected oil from seeps. And Drake, who was looking for work, seemed like the ideal candidate. Thanks for his former job as a railroad conductor, Drake could ride the trains for free. Drakes Folly Once Drake began working in the oil business he became motivated to increase production at the oil seeps. At that time, the procedure was to soak up the oil with blankets. And that only worked for small-scale production. The obvious solution seemed to be to somehow dig into the ground to get to the oil. So at first Drake set about digging a mine. But that effort ended in failure as the mine shaft flooded. Drake reasoned that he could drill for oil, using a technique similar to that used by men who had drilled into the ground for salt. He experimented and discovered iron drive pipes could be forced through the shale and down to regions likely to be holding oil. The oil well Drake constructed was called Drakes Folly by some of the locals, who doubted it could ever be successful. But Drake persisted, with the help of a local blacksmith he had hired, William Uncle Billy Smith. With very slow progress, about three feet a day, the well kept going deeper. On August 27, 1859, it reached a depth of 69 feet. The next morning, when Uncle Billy arrived to resume work, he discovered that oil had risen through the well. Drakes idea had worked, and soon the Drake Well was producing a steady supply of oil. The First Oil Well Was an Instant Success Drakes well brought oil up out of the ground and it was funneled into whiskey barrels. Before long Drake had a steady supply of about 400 gallons of pure oil every 24 hours, a stunning amount when compared to the meager output that could be collected from oil seeps. Other wells were constructed. And, because Drake never patented his idea, anyone could use his methods. The original well shut down within two years as other wells in the area soon began producing oil at a faster rate. Within two years there was an oil boom in western Pennsylvania, with wells that produced thousands of barrels of oil a day. The price of oil dropped so low that Drake and his employers were essentially put out of business. But Drakes efforts showed that drilling for oil could be practical. Though Edwin Drake had pioneered oil drilling, he only drilled two more wells before leaving the oil business and living out most of the rest of his life in poverty. In recognition of Drakes efforts, the Pennsylvania legislature voted to award Drake a pension in 1870, and he lived in Pennsylvania until his death in 1880.

UK IT Related Laws Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

UK IT Related Laws - Essay Example Illegally obtained data, records or information about an individual are often used in crimes that involve identity theft. Other usage of data about a person includes blackmail, kidnapping and other crimes. Data Protection Act of 1998 The Data Protection Act of 1998 was in response to the European Directive of 1995 that required member states to protect the right to privacy of every citizen in the European Union. Recognizing the borderless nature of internet transactions, the need for this law to be passed in every state is of outmost importance to ensure that no European will be victimized within the European Union by fellow Europeans engaged in criminal activities. The Data Protection Act was very explicit in limiting the information to be gathered by organizations from an individual to ensure that only what is needed by the organization can be gathered. The Data Protection Act also mandates that the information gathered from an individual or generated for an individual by an establ ishment should not be kept longer than necessary. The provision cited herein has the intention of ensuring that no data or information can be obtained that can be used in stealing and replicating an identity. However, there are instances where problems still occur. In September 2010, Brighton General Hospital was robbed of Hard Drives that contained confidential information of patients of the said hospital. Although, the Chief Executive of Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trusts stated that the Hard Drives have been released to a contractor who was paid to destroy the Hard Drives, unfortunately the contractor sold them on E-Bay. As soon as they have been informed of the theft, they were able to catch and recover the hard drives with the help of the local police. The Information Commissioner’s Office stated that the watchdog suggested that the fine of the hospital be 375,000 pounds. The 375,000 pound fine is the biggest fine that the Information Commissionerâ€℠¢s Office has issued. (OUT-LAW.com, 2012) Kent County Council has been named as the number one organization that loses private data of their clients in the United Kingdom. There had been 72 reports of theft between the years 2008 and 2011. One incident was mentioned in the article where a worker lost a USB drive that contained information regarding students somewhere. Most of the Kent County Council’s loss of data incidents includes the loss of laptops, documents that were misplaced or accidentally left outside a car. Another incident mentioned were parents receiving a report of a different child. Although the Kent County Council was not held liable for some incidents which is illustrated in an incident where one family posted case notes pictures on Facebook, making it accessible to anyone. However, it is no big surprise that they came out as Number One with respect to data loss since they are a big authority in the United Kingdom. (BBC, 2011) Zurich Insurance was issued a fi ne of 2,300,000 million pounds by the Financial Service Authority for the data loss incident in August 2008 involving 46,000 of its customers. The data loss occurred when they were transferring data to storage